Solid-state Fermentation for the Production of Poly(hydroxyalkanoates)
نویسنده
چکیده
Polyhydroxyalkanoates are biopolyesters stored as reserve source of energy by a great number of prokaryotes. It is stored as intracellular granules and during normal growth, its content in the cells usually does not reach high concentrations, usually in the range of 2–10 %, but the PHB contents can reach more than 80 % of the dry biomass if growth is limited by depletion of an essential nutritional compound in the production media. Nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur or magnesium sources are usually limited for providing stress for the accumulation of PHA in excess available carbon source. In addition to these nutritional components, a low dissolved oxygen concentration also leads to enhanced PHA accumulation. Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is defined as the fermentation process in which microorganisms grow on solid materials in the absence of free water. This is probably the oldest method used by man to utilize microorganisms for specific purposes. In recent years, SSF has had wide acceptance and applications in the development of several commercially important bioprocesses and products1. Fermentation techniques are well exploited for the production of PHA. Both submerged and solid-state fermentation can be adopted for the synthesis of PHA. There are several reports available on the production of PHA under submerged fermentation, and very few reports are available on solid-state fermentation. The present review discusses the recent developments in the production of PHA under solid-state fermentation.
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